Long-term ingestion of high flavanol cocoa provides photoprotection against UV-induced erythema and improves skin condition in women. [2006.06]
Dietary antioxidants contribute to endogenous photoprotection and are important for the maintenance of skin health. In the present study, 2 groups of women consumed either a high flavanol (326 mg/d) or low flavanol (27 mg/d) cocoa powder dissolved in 100 mL water for 12 wk...
Clinical comparison of four hair removal lasers and light sources. [2006.06]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There are few clinical studies directly comparing the efficacy of multiple hair removal systems in the same individual. This study evaluates the efficacy of four highly popular systems for laser hair removal... CONCLUSION: Although hair removal with commonly used systems is, as expected, highly effective, treatment with light-based devices can cause less pain, yet show efficacy similar to laser systems.
Ultrasound enhanced skin-lightening effect of vitamin C and niacinamide. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Cutaneous hyperpigmentation occurs in multiple conditions. There is a strong need for the improvement of hyperpigmentation especially among Asian women. However, the effect of existing skin-lightening agents is not sufficient. One reason attributes to the limited capability of active agents to be delivered transepidermally. Ultrasound is one promising approach to enhance transepidermal transport. In this work, we investigate the effect of the use of high-frequency ultrasound together with coupling gel containing skin-lightening agents (ascorbyl glucoside and niacinamide) on facial hyperpigmentation in vivo in Japanese women... CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that use of high-frequency ultrasound radiation together with skin-lightening gel is effective to reduce hyperpigmentation via enhancing transepidermal transport of skin-lightening agents.
Safety studies on epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) preparations. Part 2: dermal, acute and short-term toxicity studies. [2006.05]
Green tea extract and its principal active ingredient, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), are gaining attention and increased usage due to their healthful properties. Despite the increasing demand for these products, few studies have examined their safety... From these studies a no-observed adverse effect level of 500 mg EGCG preparation/kg/day was established.
Rejuvenation of the aging upper third of the face. [2006.05]
Age-related changes to the upper third of the face manifest, typically, as brow ptosis and the development of deep skin furrows. Depression of the brow evolves as gravity and the action of the corrugator supercilli, procerus, and orbicularis draw on the progressively inelastic forehead skin.This review examines the history of rejuvenation of the upper face, details the pertinent treatment modalities, and evaluates the context in which each is applicable.
Photodynamic therapy of acne vulgaris using methyl aminolaevulinate: a blinded, randomized, controlled trial. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory acne vulgaris is a very common condition, particularly in adolescents and young adults, and new effective and well-tolerated treatments are needed. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of methyl aminolaevulinate-based photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT) in patients with moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris in a randomized, controlled and investigator-blinded trial... CONCLUSIONS: MAL-PDT proved to be an efficient treatment for inflammatory acne. The treatment was associated with severe pain during treatment and severe adverse effects after treatments. Efforts must be made to optimize the treatment regimen and to avoid adverse effects.
Phenol-castor oil: modified peel for dermal melasma. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND: Deep type of melasma is difficult to treat. Various compositions for peeling have been formulated to accomplish this. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the safe use of the new formula, which was composed of phenol and castor oil... CONCLUSION: A phenol-castor oil peel with an application time of 1 minute reduces pigments in the deep type of melasma with least side effects and a high efficiency when combined with an antimelasma cream. The safe formula and the technique of application are introduced.
Non-surgical treatment modalities of facial photodamage: practical knowledge for the oral and maxillofacial professional. [2006.05]
With the increasing interest in cosmetic procedures, oral and maxillofacial surgeons are being asked not only to improve oral health and aesthetics but to extend their expertise to provide advice on improving the overall appearance of the face...
Near [corrected] painless, nonablative, immediate skin contraction induced by low-fluence irradiation with new infrared device: a report of 25 patients. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND: Nonablative radiofrequency (NARF) has been the only method for producing noninvasive skin tightening. Nevertheless, significant pain during the procedure is an important downside of this technology. A new nonablative medical device, Titan (Cutera, Inc., Brisbane, CA, USA), capable of fluences much lower than those possible with NARF, was tested as a less painful alternative. OBJECTIVES: To produce skin contraction leading to lifting of eyebrows and/or improvement of lower face and neck skin laxity using fluences below pain levels... CONCLUSION: Immediate true skin contraction persisting through the immediate, intermediate, and long-term follow-up was found in the vast majority of patients in this group. Edema as an artifact simulating immediate improvement was excluded by serial photographs taken during the follow-up period. Skin contraction occurred at low fluences, below the threshold of pain. This, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously described in the medical literature.
Localized intradermal microinjection of tranexamic acid for treatment of melasma in Asian patients: a preliminary clinical trial. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND: Melasma is a common cosmetic problem among Asians. While various treatments are currently being used, there is no entirely satisfactory treatment. It was recently reported that the topical plasmin inhibitor is an effective treatment for ultraviolet-induced hyperpigmentation. OBJECTIVE: Because there are no studies assessing the efficacy and safety of localized microinjection of tranexamic acid (TA) for the treatment of melasma, we conducted a pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of this potentially new method for the treatment of melasma in Korean women... CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we suggest that the intralesional localized microinjection of TA acid can be used as a potentially new, effective, and safe therapeutic modality for the treatment of melasma.
Injectable treatments for the aging face. [2006.05]
The use of injectable agents, specifically soft tissue fillers and botulinum toxin type A, has risen dramatically over recent years, due to the increased demand for minimally invasive techniques. In fact, today they represent the most commonly performed cosmetic procedures in the United States, with botulinum type A injections topping the list.
Improvement in the appearance of wrinkles with topical transforming growth factor beta(1) and l-ascorbic acid. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Facial rhytides are a common cosmetic concern. Surgical treatment effects dramatic improvement; however, the associated risk and cost may be prohibitive. Recent focus is on developing topical products containing biologically active ingredients for at-home therapy. Our study examines the effects of a topical cream containing transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)), l-ascorbic acid, and Cimicifuga racemosa extract (CRS) (Topix Pharmaceuticals, North Amityville, NY, USA)... CONCLUSION: CRS is effective in minimizing the appearance of facial rhytides. The success of the CRS product is largely attributable to the incorporation of TGF-beta(1).
Hyaluronic acid gel (Restylane) filler for facial rhytids: lessons learned from American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery member treatment of 286 patients. [2006.05]
PURPOSE: To review injection techniques and patient satisfaction with injection of Restylane in various facial areas by American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery members... CONCLUSIONS: Injection techniques, volume, end points, and anesthesia vary for different facial areas and between practices. Patients experience mild to moderate injection discomfort that is lessened with injectable lidocaine. Self-limited problems occur in about 5% of patients. Physician-determined patient satisfaction is perceived to be higher than that of collagen injection but slightly lower than that of botulinum toxin injection. The major source of Restylane patients was from existing practice patients, especially botulinum toxin patients.
Evaluation of a self-adherent soft silicone dressing for the treatment of hypertrophic postoperative scars. [2006.05]
CONCLUSION: The results suggest that patients treated with the soft silicone dressing experienced greater and more rapid improvements compared with non-treated patients. These results concur with those of previous studies. The fact that Mepiform is self-adhesive and causes limited damage to the stratum corneum on removal gives it an added value compared with non-adhesive silicone gel dressings.
Evaluation of a nonsurgical, muscle-stimulating system to elevate soft tissues of the face and neck. [2006.05]
Non-invasive procedures for tissue tightening and elevation are new frontiers in dermasurgery. Current methods for achieving a "nonsurgical face-lift" include radiofrequency and infrared light devices which disrupt non-covalent collagen bonds and stimulate collagen production... The non-invasive, muscle-stimulating Pan G Lift is a novel procedure that yields significant 3-dimensional improvements of the face and neck (nonsurgical face-lift), which demonstrates progressive improvement with continued monthly treatments over time.
Epidermal and dermal characteristics in skin equivalent after systemic and topical application of skin care ingredients. [2006.05]
Effects of active ingredients from topical and systemic skincare products on structure and organization of epidermis, dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), and dermis were examined using an in vitro reconstructed skin equivalent (SE). Imedeen Time Perfection (ITP) ingredients (a mixture of BioMarine Complex, grape seed extract, tomato extract, vitamin C) were supplemented systemically into culture medium...
Comparison of tazarotene and minocycline maintenance therapies in acne vulgaris: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. [2006.05]
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of 3 maintenance regimens (topical tazarotene, oral minocycline hydrochloride, or both) in sustaining improvement in acne... CONCLUSIONS: A high percentage of patients with moderately severe to severe acne can maintain improvement in their condition with topical retinoid monotherapy. Maintenance with combination tazarotene and minocycline therapy showed a trend for greater efficacy but no statistical significance vs tazarotene alone. Topical retinoid monotherapy should be considered for maintenance to help minimize antibiotic exposure.
Capacitance imaging of the skin surface. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND/AIMS: A new device allowing recording capacitance images of the skin surface was recently presented. Parameters, extracted from the gray-level histogram of the images, are tested for a new approach of skin surface hydration measurement in comparison with the classical capacitance method. Illustration of the interest of having both images and parameters for studying the homogeneity and the level of skin surface hydration are presented... CONCLUSION: Capacitance imaging is a necessary tool for both completely describing and quantifying skin surface hydration.
ArteFill: a permanent skin filler. [2006.05]
The ideal soft-tissue filler for wrinkles and skin defects should be safe, biocompatible, resistant to phagocytosis, persist and maintain its volume without being resorbed or degraded. ArteFill, an improved, next-generation derivative of Artecoll, is expected to become the first and only FDA-approved permanent filler for use in the USA in 2006 and will be available worldwide.
Adapalene gel, 0.1%, as maintenance therapy for acne vulgaris: a randomized, controlled, investigator-blind follow-up of a recent combination study. [2006.05]
OBJECTIVE: To assess the maintenance effect of adapalene gel, 0.1%, relative to gel vehicle in subjects successfully treated in a previous 12-week study of adapalene-doxycycline, 100 mg, combination therapy... Adapalene was safe and well tolerated in this study.Conclusion This study demonstrates a clinical benefit of continued treatment with adapalene gel, 0.1%, as a maintenance therapy for acne.
A comparison of Q-switched alexandrite laser and intense pulsed light for the treatment of freckles and lentigines in Asian persons: a randomized, physician-blinded, split-face comparative trial. [2006.05]
BACKGROUND: Q-switched (QS) pigmented lasers and intense pulsed light (IPL) successfully treat pigment disorders. OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare efficacy and side effects of QS alexandrite laser (QSAL) and IPL for freckle and lentigo treatment in Asians... CONCLUSION: QSAL was superior to IPL for freckle treatment. IPL should be used for lentigines in Asian persons.
A clinical retrospective study comparing two short-scar face lifts: minimal access cranial suspension versus lateral SMASectomy. [2006.04.15]
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the short- and long-term cosmetic outcomes of two minimal incision rhytidectomies and analyze their advantages and disadvantages... CONCLUSIONS: Advantages of short-scar face lifts are the avoidance of the postauricular and occipital incisions, and the disadvantages are the moderate results in the neck and nasolabial folds and their potential short duration. For 24 months in this study, the duration of results was similar for both minimal access cranial suspension and lateral SMASectomy.
The effect of Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser on the skin barrier of patients with rosacea. [2006.04]
A good skin care regimen is a critical part of rosacea treatment; however, care must be taken to choose nonirritating products because individuals with rosacea tend to have sensitive skin, and irritants can trigger a worsening of symptoms. This study examines the use of Cetaphil Gentle Skin Cleanser (a nonalkaline nonirritating cleanser) in patients with rosacea...
Sun protection strength of a hydroquinone 4%/retinol 0.3% preparation containing sunscreens. [2006.04]
BACKGROUND: Dyschromias are common and significantly impact patients' quality of life. Formulas containing hydroquinone 4% are effective in these conditions. Since exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can worsen disease and complicate treatment, the incorporation of sunscreens can avert this problem... CONCLUSIONS: Avobenzone 3% and octinoxate 7.5% provide broad spectrum UV protection. Incorporating these sunscreens into a hydroquinone preparation simplifies the treatment regimen while providing significant photoprotection for patients being treated for dyschromia.
Split-face comparison of radiofrequency versus long-pulse Nd-YAG treatment of facial laxity. [2006.04]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To improve photoaging skin with laser treatment, multiple sessions have been considered necessary to achieve results comparable with one radiofrequency (RF) treatment. We compared single-treatment improvements obtained by the long-pulse 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser and RF device... CONCLUSION: With a single treatment, both the long-pulse 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser and ThermaCool RF device provide a modest degree of improvement in both wrinkles and laxity of facial skin and similar improvement in texture, pores, and pigmentation.
Red light-emitting diode (LED) therapy accelerates wound healing post-blepharoplasty and periocular laser ablative resurfacing. [2006.04]
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Blepharoplasties can be associated with sequelae-related patient downtime, often extended or reinforced by periocular laser ablative resurfacing. The present controlled study examined the effects of a new-generation LED phototherapy system on enhancing wound healing following such combination surgery... CONCLUSIONS: In this small series of 10 patients, red LED phototherapy after blepharoplasty and laser ablative resurfacing cut the time to resolution of side effects and the healing time by one-half to one-third compared with contralateral unirradiated controls. Further studies are warranted with larger populations to confirm these findings.
Photodynamic therapy of acne vulgaris using 5-aminolevulinic acid versus methyl aminolevulinate. [2006.04]
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that photodynamic therapy (PDT) is effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris. No studies have compared the treatment effect of aminolevulinic acid-PDT (ALA-PDT) and methyl aminolevulinate-PDT (MAL-PDT). OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the treatment effect and tolerability of ALA-PDT versus MAL-PDT in the treatment of acne vulgaris in a controlled randomized investigator-blinded trial... CONCLUSION: PDT appeared to be an effective treatment for inflammatory acne vulgaris with no significant differences in the response rate between ALA-PDT and MAL-PDT. ALA-PDT resulted in more prolonged and severe adverse effects after treatment.
Metronidazole in the treatment of rosacea: do formulation, dosing, and concentration matter? [2006.04]
BACKGROUND: Topical metronidazole is commonly used in the management of rosacea. No consensus on the optimal formulation, concentration, or dosing regimen exists. PURPOSE: To assess the relative efficacy of metronidazole cream, gel, and lotion at concentrations of 0.75% and 1%, in dosing regimens of once and twice daily... CONCLUSIONS: Metronidazole cream, gel, and lotion vehicles have similar efficacies. There were no substantial differences between concentrations of 0.75% and 1%, or between once daily and twice daily regimens.
Low- and high-dose botulinum toxin A treatment: a retrospective analysis. [2006.04]
Upper limb botulinum toxin A doses in children are empirical, determined by the size of the muscle, seeking to avoid excessive weakness and deterioration of function. This study reports the effects and side effects of botulinum toxin treatment on upper limb impairment and function in 18 children with spastic or dystonic hyperactivity...
Laser skin resurfacing with a novel portable erbium:YAG laser. [2006.04]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The erbium:YAG laser is a popular modality for laser skin resurfacing (LSR). This study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a new portable Er:YAG laser in the treatment of photo-damaged skin... CONCLUSION: The technique of applying a tailored number of 5-6 J/cm2, 300 micros pulses of a new portable Er:YAG laser to small areas appears to be safe and effective. There was minimal discomfort and a high level of patient satisfaction after a relatively short recovery time.
Efficacy and safety of once-daily metronidazole 1% gel compared with twice-daily azelaic acid 15% gel in the treatment of rosacea. [2006.04]
Rosacea is an inflammatory dermatologic disorder characterized by the presence of facial erythema, visible blood vessels, papules, and pustules... On average, the efficacy (including reduction in erythema) of the once-daily application of metronidazole 1% gel and twice-daily applications of azelaic acid 15% gel were similar.
Clinical and instrumental evaluation of skin improvement after treatment with a new 50% pyruvic acid peel. [2006.04]
BACKGROUND: Pyruvic acid is an alpha-keto acid that presents keratolytic, antimicrobial, and sebostatic properties as well as the ability to stimulate new collagen production and elastic fibers formation. Because of its low pKa and its small dimension, it penetrates rapidly and deeply through the skin, so far as to be considered a potent chemical peel agent. It has proven its efficacy for the treatment of many dermatological conditions such as acne, superficial scarring, photodamage, and pigmentary disorders. Pyruvic acid application usually induces intense burning, and the postpeeling period is characterized by erythema, desquamation, and, sometimes, crusting. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy and tolerability of 50% pyruvic acid in a new non-erythematogenic formulation (pyruvic acid 50%, dimethyl isosorbide, propylene glycol, ethyl alcohol, dimethyl sulfone, ethyl lactate, water) for the treatment of photodamage, superficial scarring, and melasma... CONCLUSION: This innovative formulation of 50% pyruvic acid peel has been shown to be safe and effective to treat photodamage, melasma, and superficial scarring, allowing the patients to carry out regularly their working life as well as their social life. Furthermore, the results have been evaluated by means of noninvasive devices, which have permitted one to quantify the improvements.
A novel aqueous metronidazole 1% gel with hydrosolubilizing agents (HSA-3). [2006.04]
Rosacea is a common chronic dermatosis that often is characterized by the presence of facial erythema, visible blood vessels, papules, and pustules. Because the face is the predominant site of involvement, rosacea may cause serious psychologic trauma and can significantly affect the quality of life of individuals with the condition...
A look at the safety of metronidazole 1% gel: cumulative irritation, contact sensitization, phototoxicity, and photoallergy potential. [2006.04]
Rosacea is a common, recurrent, inflammatory dermatologic disorder characterized by the presence of facial erythema, visible blood vessels, papules, and pustules... Additionally, metronidazole 1% gel had a low potential for causing sensitization reactions, and no evidence suggested phototoxic or photoallergic reactions.
A comparison study of the efficacy and side effects of different light sources in hair removal. [2006.04]
Unwanted hairs are a common problem in which different light sources were developed as the treatment of choice. Alexandrite laser, diode laser, and intense pulsed light (IPL) were clinically used for this purpose with long-term scarce comparative results... Our findings indicate that all three light sources tested have similar effects on hair removal and in Iranian patients, using lower wavelengths minimizes the side effects.
[Temporal three-point relief-tension suspension technique for facial rhytidectomy] [2006.03]
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a facial rhytidectomy technique to reduce the complications of temporal alopecia and incisional scar hyperplasia... CONCLUSIONS: This technique could decrease the complications such as temporal alopecia and incisional scars, and get a good and long term effect of temporal lifting simultaneously.
[Photodynamic therapy in dermatology] [2006.03]
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality based on the photooxidation of biological materials induced by a photosensitizer, which selectively locates itself in certain tumorous cells or tissues, so that when illuminated by a light of the right length and at a sufficient dose, these cells are destroyed...
Tazarotene versus tazarotene plus clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized parallel-group trial. [2006.03]
Topical retinoids offer highly effective treatment for both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne, with tazarotene demonstrating greater efficacy than other topical retinoids. A multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group trial has been performed to evaluate whether the adjunctive use of clindamycin/benzoyl peroxide could enhance the efficacy of tazarotene still further...
Sunscreens with an absorption maximum of > or =360 nm provide optimal protection against UVA1-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6 in human dermal fibroblasts. [2006.03]
UVA1-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is mediated by an autocrine mechanism involving the cytokines interleukin-1 and -6 (IL-1 and IL-6). The subsequent degradation of collagen fibers is thought to be the main cause of skin wrinkling... These studies indicate that UVA1 filters with a maximum absorption at > or =360 nm are most effective in preventing UVA1 radiation-induced MMP-1, IL-1alpha, and IL-6 expression pointing towards a critical role for effective filtering beyond > or =360 nm for protection against UVA1-induced photoaging.
Safety of radiofrequency treatment over human skin previously injected with medium-term injectable soft-tissue augmentation materials: a controlled pilot trial. [2006.03]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Several soft-tissue augmentation materials are now available for reduction of nasolabial fold creases and perioral rhytides. Nasolabial folds and perioral rhytides can also be improved by skin tightening delivered by non-ablative radiofrequency (RF) treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of RF treatment over skin areas recently injected with medium-term injectable soft-tissue augmentation materials... CONCLUSION: Applying RF treatment over the same area 2 weeks after deep dermal injection with hyaluronic acid derivatives or calcium hydroxylapatite does not appear to cause gross morphological changes in the filler material or surrounding skin. Further studies with different parameters are necessary to confirm these findings. 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Repeated treatment protocols for melasma and acquired dermal melanocytosis. [2006.03]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Melasma and acquired dermal melanocytosis (ADM; acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules) are both seen most commonly symmetrically on the face of women with darker skin and are also known as difficult conditions to treat... CONCLUSION: The repeated treatment protocol for melasma and ADM showed successful clinical results compared with conventional ones, and they may be applied to other pigment conditions. It may be better that epidermal and dermal pigmentations are treated separately, especially in dark-skinned people who are more likely to suffer postinflammatory hyperpigmentation after inflammation-inducing therapies.
Prevention of UV radiation-induced premature skin aging in hairless mice by the novel compound Melanocin A. [2006.03]
Repetitive exposure of the skin to UV radiation induces various harmful changes, such as thickening, wrinkle formation, inflammation and carcinogenesis. A variety of natural compounds and synthetic compounds have been studied to determine whether they can prevent UV-induced harmful effects... Therefore, we suggest that Melanocin A should be viewed as a potential therapeutic agent for preventing and/or treating premature skin aging.
Patient satisfaction and reported long-term therapeutic efficacy associated with 1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser treatment of acne scarring and photoaging. [2006.03]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Nonablative laser treatments have become increasingly used for the treatment of acne scarring and photoaging. While nonablative laser treatments are more convenient and relatively safer than ablative laser resurfacing, efficacy and patient satisfaction with the level of improvement of textural abnormalities in acne scarring and rhytids associated with photoaging needs further study... CONCLUSION: Nonablative treatment with the 1,320 nm Nd:YAG laser induced significant patient-reported improvement in both acne scarring and photoaging. The majority of patients reported satisfaction with the degree of improvement.
Intense pulsed light treatment of 1,000 consecutive patients with facial vascular marks. [2006.03]
BACKGROUND: Facial teleangectasias or vascular marks often represent a very cosmetically detracting problem for the affected patient, who tries to cover the lesions by camouflage strategies. This study describes the response of these vascular lesions after an intense pulsed light source was used on 1,000 consecutive patients... CONCLUSION: The intense pulsed light source Photoderm VL can be considered a fast, safe, and effective treatment for facial teleangectasias or vascular marks.
Efficacy and safety of 3- and 5-injection patterns (30 and 50 U) of botulinum toxin A (Dysport) for the treatment of wrinkles in the glabella and the central forehead region. [2006.03]
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of 2 injection site patterns (3- and 5-injection patterns [30 and 50 U]) of botulinum toxin A (Dysport; Ipsen Pharma, Ettlingen, Germany), in the treatment of glabellar and central forehead wrinkles... CONCLUSIONS: The 3 central injection sites are essential for the treatment of glabellar wrinkles. The 2 additional injection sites in the forehead region, targeting the frontalis muscle, did not significantly improve efficacy.
Effects of isotretinoin on the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and on the lipid profile in patients with acne. [2006.03]
Isotretinoin treatment alters the plasma lipid levels but the mechanisms and the effects on the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins such as chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoproteins remain unclear... In conclusion, while increasing the fasting plasma concentration of VLDL and LDL, which are traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis, isotretinoin treatment also slows down the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins such as chylomicrons, as tested by the emulsion model, an effect that is also increasingly recognized as atherogenic.
Effect of monopolar radiofrequency treatment over soft-tissue fillers in an animal model: part 2. [2006.03]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Monopolar radiofrequency (RF) treatment is used by physicians to heat skin and promote tissue tightening and contouring. Cosmetic fillers are used to soften deep facial lines and wrinkles. Patients who have had dermal fillers implanted may also benefit from or are candidates for monopolar RF skin tightening. This study examined the effect of RF treatment on various dermal filler substances. This is the second part of a two-part study... CONCLUSIONS: Monopolar RF treatment levels that are typically used in the clinical setting were employed in this animal study. RF treatment resulted in measurable and statistically significant histological changes associated with the various filler materials. Additional clinical and histological studies are required to determine the optimal timing of monopolar RF treatment and filler placement for maximal potential aesthetic outcome. 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Effect of a single overnight topical application of miconazole nitrate paste on acne papules. [2006.03]
CONCLUSION: A single overnight application of miconazole nitrate paste appears to reduce the erythematous aspect of acne papules.
Diplopia associated with the cosmetic use of botulinum toxin a for facial rejuvenation. [2006.03]
We report three cases in which cosmetic injections of botulinum toxin A around the eye caused diplopia. Diplopia was due to inferior oblique paresis, which was bilateral in two cases.We suggest that consent for periocular botulinum toxin procedures should include a warning about diplopia.
Development and evaluation of sesamol as an antiaging agent. [2006.03]
Aging comprises various changes that occur in living organisms with the passage of time, leading to increased system entropy, loss of homeostasis and eventually death...
Cutaneous sarcoidal granulomas developing after Artecoll facial cosmetic filler in a patient with newly diagnosed systemic sarcoidosis. [2006.03]
Artecoll is a recently developed permanent synthetic cosmetic filler substance, composed of 80% bovine collagen and 20% polymethylacrylate (PMMA) microspheres of 32-40 mum in diameter. It is used for the augmentation of deep wrinkles and is to be injected subdermally... We postulate that the PMMA foreign material contained within Artecoll acted as a stimulus for the development of the cutaneous sarcoid granulomas.
Consensus recommendations for soft-tissue augmentation with nonanimal stabilized hyaluronic acid (Restylane). [2006.03]
The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery recently reported that there were nearly 12 million cosmetic procedures (2.1 million surgical and 9.7 million nonsurgical) performed in the United States in 2004. Almost 900,000 of the nonsurgical procedures were soft-tissue augmentation procedures using hyaluronic acid fillers.
Community-based trial of a triple-combination agent for the treatment of facial melasma. [2006.03]
Melasma is a common hyperpigmentation disorder that is frequently recalcitrant to treatment. An 8-week, multicenter, open-label, community-based study evaluated a new therapeutic approach that combines tretinoin 0.05%, hydroquinone 4.0%, and fluocinolone acetonide 0.01% (RA+HQ+FA) in a hydrophilic cream formulation...
An update on the role of topical metronidazole in rosacea. [2006.03]
Topical metronidazole (Noritate 1% Cream, Dermik; MetroCream 0.75% Cream, MetroLotion 0.75% Lotion, Metrogel 0.75% and 1% Topical Gel, Galderma) has been used for the treatment of rosacea for over 30 years... A growing number of formulations are available.
A pilot study on efficacy treatment of acne vulgaris using a new method: results of a randomized double-blind trial with Acne Dressing. [2006.03]
For many years the positive effect of hydrocolloid dressings on skin-related conditions attracted the attention of the medical scientific community... A future study will investigate a large set of patients in longer followup periods.
Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits the expression of nitric oxide synthase and generation of nitric oxide induced by ultraviolet B in HaCaT cells. [2006.02.20]
BACKGROUND: Nitic oxide (NO) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases, including sunburn and pigmentation induced by ultraviolet irradiation. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the major effective component in green tea and can protect skin from ultraviolet-induced damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanisms of EGCG on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and NO generation by ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation in HaCaT cells... CONCLUSIONS: Green tea derived-EGCG can inhibit and down regulate the UVB-induced activation and translocation of NF-kappaB, expression of iNOS mRNA and generation of NO respectively, indicating EGCG may play a protective role from UVB-induced skin damage.
Kinetics of membrane raft formation: fatty acid domains in stratum corneum lipid models. [2006.02.09]
The major barrier to permeability in skin resides in the outermost layer of the epidermis, the stratum corneum (SC).The current work constitutes the first direct, structure-based determination of the kinetics of barrier formation in relevant skin lipid barrier models.
The effect of 2',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone on ultraviolet-induced matrix metalloproteinases-1 expression in human skin fibroblasts. [2006.02.06]
UV-induced matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) cause connective tissue damage and the skin to become wrinkled and aged. Here, we investigated the effect of 2',4',7-trihydroxyisoflavone (THF) on UV-induced MMP-1 expression in human skin fibroblasts (HSFs)...
Treatment of inflammatory facial acne with the 1,450 nm diode laser alone versus microdermabrasion plus the 1,450 nm laser: a randomized, split-face trial. [2006.02]
BACKGROUND: The 1,450 nm laser has been effective in treating acne. Microdermabrasion may help treat acne and reduce skin barriers to increase the delivery rate of topical anesthetics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pain associated with the treatment of inflammatory facial acne with the 1,450 nm laser alone versus microdermabrasion plus the 1,450 nm laser... CONCLUSION: The 1,450 nm laser is effective, well tolerated, and safe for treating facial acne. This small pilot study did not demonstrate increased clinical efficacy or decreased associated pain with the addition of microdermabrasion to treatment with the 1,450 nm laser. A larger study may be needed to demonstrate any additional benefit.
Treatment of hyperpigmentation-melasma with photodynamic therapy. [2006.02]
Hyperpigmentation-melasma was treated in a 31-year-old female with the application of aminolevulinic acid HCL 20%-single use Levulan Kerastick followed by exposure to 10 J/cm2 of nonlaser blue light.
The use of topical azelaic acid for common skin disorders other than inflammatory rosacea. [2006.02]
Topical azelaic acid (AzA) is approved for the treatment of acne vulgaris and inflammatory (papulopustular) rosacea. Because of diverse mechanisms of action that correlate with potential therapeutic benefit, AzA has been used to treat several common dermatoses including acne vulgaris, inflammatory rosacea, erythematotelangiectatic rosacea, perioral dermatitis, melasma, and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
The use of photodynamic therapy in dermatology: results of a consensus conference. [2006.02]
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has significant promise in improving outcomes of patients with a variety of cutaneous conditions. A group of experts met to review the principles, indications, and clinical benefits of PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)...
The evolution of azelaic acid. [2006.02]
Azelaic acid (AzA) is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid that has a long and complex history in the treatment of skin disorders. We summarize research on AzA from the past 25 years and follow its progress from a treatment of hyperpigmentation to a therapy for acne vulgaris and inflammatory (papulopustular) rosacea..
Targeting matrix metalloproteases to improve cutaneous wound healing. [2006.02]
Wound repair is a physiological event in which tissue injury initiates a repair process leading to restoration of structure and function of the tissue. Cutaneous wound repair can be divided into a series of overlapping phases including formation of fibrin clot, inflammatory response, granulation tissue formation incorporating re-epithelialisation and angiogenesis and finally, matrix formation and remodelling...
Split treatment of photodamaged skin with KTP 532 nm laser with 10 mm handpiece versus IPL: a cheek-to-cheek comparison. [2006.02]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The treatment of photodamaged skin with potassium-titanyl-phosphate (KTP) laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) has been reported in several studies. Each device has strengths and weaknesses; however, patient and device variability have made it difficult to ascertain the optimal device for photorejuvenation. The objective of this study was to obtain a head-to-head comparison of IPL and KTP laser for photorejuvenation. Each patient received one KTP laser treatment on one side of the face and one IPL treatment on the other side... CONCLUSIONS: Both large spot KTP and IPL achieved marked improvement in vascular and pigmented lesions in one session. The KTP laser caused slightly more discomfort and edema than the IPL. On the other hand, the KTP laser was faster, and more ergonomically flexible. Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Skin surface topography grading is a valid measure of skin photoaging. [2006.02]
BACKGROUND: The technique of grading the surface topography of sun-exposed skin using silicone impressions of the skin surface is a simple, non-invasive method for measuring skin damage because of sun exposure, but it has never been validated in a community setting. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the repeatability and validity of using standardly-graded skin impressions as a means of assessing skin photoaging... CONCLUSION: Grading silicone impressions of skin surface topography is a highly reliable and a valid measure of photoaging and enables prediction of dermal elastosis in a population setting.
Q-switched ruby versus long-pulsed dye laser delivered with compression for treatment of facial lentigines in Asians. [2006.02]
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Q-switched lasers have been used for the treatment of lentigines but post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) can be an issue especially in Asians. The 595 nm long-pulsed dye laser (LPDL) has been used for the treatment of vascular lesions and although it is well absorbed by oxyhemoglobin, it is also absorbed by melanin. To use this device for the treatment of facial lentigines, we attached a flat glass lens to the tip of the laser's handpiece, allowing compression of the skin during treatment. In doing so, eliminated the absorption by oxyhemoglobin. This prospective study aims to compare the efficacy and complications of such an approach to the use of Q-switched ruby laser (QSRL) in the treatment of facial lentigines in Asians... CONCLUSIONS: LPDL delivered with a compression method is more effective than QSRL for facial lentigines. Complications after LPDL treatment were substantially less frequent than after QSRL. The addition of compression technique may allow "vascular" pulsed dye laser to be used for treating a variety of pigmented lesions. Copyright 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of erythema, papules, pustules, and severe flushing consistent with rosacea. [2006.02]
We report a case of a 45-year-old woman who presented with facial erythema, papules, pustules, and severe flushing consistent with rosacea... Improvement continued and no flares were observed 1 month after the final treatment.
Pathophysiology of photoaging of human skin: focus on neutrophils. [2006.02]
UV-induced skin damage is the result of a complex cascade of events.Statement: Although most of the data, referred to, have been published, the current perspective in which they are put together is completely novel and has not been published elsewhere.
Onion extract gel versus petrolatum emollient on new surgical scars: prospective double-blinded study. [2006.02]
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous scars resulting from surgical procedures can be erythematous, hypertrophic, pruritic, painful, or cosmetically unacceptable. An onion extract-based topical gel (Mederma, Merz Pharmaceuticals, Greensboro, NC, USA) has been marketed as a product to improve scar appearance and texture. However, few data are available to substantiate these claims. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy between the onion extract gel and a petrolatum-based emollient (Aquaphor, Beiersdorf, Inc., Wilton, CT, USA) in improving the appearance and symptoms of new surgical scars... CONCLUSION: Petrolatum-based topical agents constitute standard therapy in the management of postoperative wounds. In this side-by-side, randomized, double-blinded, split-scar study, the onion extract gel did not improve scar cosmesis or symptomatology when compared with a petrolatum-based ointment.
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